Apostles

 After healing the crowds by the Sea of Galilee, Jesus went up on the mountain to pray. And He spent the night in prayer to God. When daylight came, Jesus called His disciples to Him. Jesus then chose twelve of the disciples and also designated these twelve as apostles. The apostles were to accompany Jesus, to be sent out to preach, and to have authority to drive out demons.

These are the twelve that Jesus appointed: Simon (whom He named Peter) and his brother Andrew; James and John, the sons of Zebedee (whom Jesus named Boanerges, meaning “Sons of Thunder”); Philip and Bartholomew (Nathanael); Matthew (Levi) and Thomas; James son of Alphaeus and Simon called the Zealot; Judas son of James (Thaddaeus);  and Judas Iscariot, who later betrayed Jesus. 

(See Mark 3:13‭-‬19; Luke 6:12‭-‬16)

(Editor's Notes: 

1. Bartholomew / Nathanael: Modern scholars disagree on this point, but traditional scholars accept that Bartholomew of the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke, and Nathanael of the Gospel of John, are the same person. Bartholomew is English for Bar Talmai; in Hebrew "son of Talmai", or "son of the furrows" (possibly a designation for a farmer).

2. Judas son of James / Thaddaeus: In Luke 6:16 and Acts 1:13, the literal translation is "Jude of James." Translations of the Bible differ as to whether the  "of" means "son of" or "brother of". But those who think the name is "Judas brother of James" also tend to think that this is the person who wrote the Epistle of Jude. Regardless of the "of" disagreement, scholars generally identify Judas/Jude with Thaddaeus. The name Thaddeus means "a heart" or "courageous heart.")

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